Canada has launched initiatives to shift its traditional defense links with the United States toward Europe and other regions in response to threats from the Trump administration. Foreign Affairs Minister Melanie Joly confirmed Wednesday that Canada is in advanced negotiations with European officials about a joint defense alliance including procurement projects.

These moves follow President Donald Trump's recent imposition of a 25% tariff on various Canadian goods. Trump has also threatened to damage Canada's economy and suggested the country could only avoid such punishment by becoming the 51st American state, comments that have caused widespread distrust of the US in Canada.

"We need new partnerships," Joly told Canadian Press. "We have an over-reliance on American procurement, particularly in the defense sector." She added that "the rhetoric coming out of the White House is not only concerning, but it is also a threat to our sovereignty."

Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney announced Monday he has ordered a review of Canada's $13.2 billion purchase of 88 Lockheed Martin F-35 fighter jets from the US government. Carney noted that Canada has only committed to buying the first 16 F-35s and has discussed alternatives with French and British officials.

The Prime Minister explained several factors behind the review:

• The changing geopolitical environment
• Available alternative options
• Need for value for money
• Possibility of substantial production of alternative aircraft in Canada

The Australian-developed JORN technology is considered world-leading, capable of tracking ships and aircraft up to 3,000 kilometers away by beaming radio signals to the ionosphere. The system will enable Canada to detect threats across its Arctic territory more effectively, addressing a long-standing defense vulnerability while reducing dependence on US systems.

On Tuesday, Carney announced a strengthened defense relationship with Australia through a $4.2 billion partnership on a new over-the-horizon radar system to monitor Arctic threats. The project will utilize Australia's Jindalee Operational Radar Network developed with BAE Australia.

While Carney said the radar would strengthen Canada's commitment to the joint US-Canada North American Aerospace Defense Command, he noted it would also allow Canada to better protect its territory independently. "International institutions and norms that have kept Canada secure are now being called into question," Carney stated.

Some Canadian defense industry executives have expressed caution about further straining relations with the US. Bombardier CEO Eric Martel questioned potential consequences, noting, "We have contracts with the Pentagon. Will there be reciprocity there?" Lockheed Martin responded that it values its partnership with the Royal Canadian Air Force.